14.3 DECOMPOSITION Description of ecological succession usually focuses on changes in vegetation. Multiple Choice Questions • Desertification. populations and productivity and nutrient cycling in tropical forest and grassland ecosystems. (i) What type of ecosystem is shown in the figure? (a) ii (b) iii (c) iiandiv (d) i and iii Ocean can not have highest productivity. The annual productivity of the entire ocean is estimated to be approximately 50 × 10 15 grams (50 × 10 9 metric tons) of carbon per year, which is about half of the global total. In artificial ecosystems the biotic and abiotic components of ecosytems are maintained artificially by regular feeding and clearing of aquarium and regular irrigation and sowing of seeds in crop field ecosystem. (a) Tropical rain forest (b) Antarctic (250 words). Flow of energy through various trophic levels in an ecosystem is unidirectional and non-cyclic. Students can solve NCERT Class 12 Biology Ecosystem MCQs Pdf with Answers to know their preparation level. • In most ecosystems, all the pyramids, of number, of energy and biomass are upright, i.e., producers are more in number and biomass than the herbivores, and herbivores are more in number and biomass than the carnivores. Answer. Why is the rate of assimilation of energy at the herbivore level called secondary productivity? • Total amount of living material at various trophic level of a food chain is depicted by pyramid of biomass. (b) All organisms of herbivore level are eliminated; and Answer. Rest of course, is on land. Expenditure regarding on-the-job training is a source of human capital formation as the return of such expenditure in the form of enhanced labour productivity is more than the cost of it. A young forest grows more rapidly than old forest hence it has more primary productivity. Also energy at a lower trophic level is always more than at a higher level. Discuss the main reason for the low productivity of ocean with your teacher. Dec 28, 2020 - NCERT Exemplars - Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Notes | EduRev is made by best teachers of NEET. In the North East region of India, during the process of Jhum cultivation, forests are cleared by burning and left for regrowth after a year of cultivation. List any two such activities. (b) Sandy areas (psammosere). Whether it is the constant urge of outperforming our peers or the nature of the work that forces us into multitasking, the result is the same, lower productivity. Here, we have collected MCQ Quiz Questions & Answers on Indian Geography in the kind of Practice Sets for different competitive exams. (a). Gross primary productivity of an ecosystem is the rate of production of organic matter during photosynthesis. What information is conveyed by each pyramid with regard to structure, function and energy in the ecosystem? All the solutions of Ecosystem - Biology explained in detail by experts to help students prepare for their CBSE exams. However, these vegetational changes in turn affect food and shelter for various types of animals. 16. Due to increase in prey population (that feeds on vegetation/grass), vegetation destroyed rapidly which causes ecological disturbance. (c) Desert ecosystem is expected in an area where evaporation exceeds precipitation, and mean annual rainfall is below 100 mm. These changes are orderly and sequential parallel with the changes in the physical environment. The question is part of the static syllabus of General Studies paper – 1. 8. The Surat in Gujarat on the west coast of India was one of the most important ports of Indian Ocean trade in the seventeenth century. (c) Sulphur (d) All of the above Ecosystem Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Biology Ecosystem-Structure and Function, Productivity and Decomposition. Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of i. iii. Desert
4. Answer. Answer. While estimates of ocean productivity have been made for decades, it wasn't until ocean-observing satellites … 1. 8. Tigers are important predator of forest. (c) Pyramid of number in grassland or forest or pond ecosystem is upright. Declined in 17 th century due to loss of market and productivity due to decline of Mughal empire & East India Company shifted its HQs to Mumbai. Comment. Give any two examples of xerarch succession. In an ecosystem dominated by trees, the pyramid of number is spindle shaped/inverted. Discuss the main reason for the low productivity of ocean with your teacher. It is because the biomass available to the consumer for consumption is a resultant of the primary productivity from plants. 1. An ecosystem is a functional unit with biotic and abiotic factors interacting Absence of any component will make an ecosystem incomplete as it will hinder the functioning of the ecosystem. 14. Agaricus is a fungus. Answer. A farmer harvests his crop and expresses his harvest in three different ways. Answer. Primary productivity is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis. Both l and ll are correct and ll explains l Natural or human induced disturbances like fire, deforestation etc. the three types of ecological pyramids? Choose the correct answer: Mangroves, coral reefs have very high productivity Crustose lichens. Sometimes due to biotic/abiotic factor the climax remain in a particular serai stage (pre climax) without reaching climax. (b) Increase in primary productivity and biomass of producers. Primary productivity varies from ecosystem to ecosystem because it depends on the plant species inhabiting the area and their photosynthetic activity. 4. Continental Shelf is the gently sloping seaward extension of continental plate. (a) Always upright (b) Always inverted Secondary productivity is influenced by heterotrophs in the ecosystem. Open ocean
3. What is the ultimate source of energy for the ecosystems? NCERT Solutions for Class 12-science Biology CBSE, 14 Ecosystem. Answer. productivity of the whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter. Discuss the main reason for the low productivity of ocean with your teacher. Answer. Gross primary productivity of an ecosystem is 170 tons of organic matted and amount used in respiration is 50 tons. (c) Free-floating hydrophytes, sedges, phytoplankton, rooted hydrophytes, grasses and trees (d) Phosphorus, nitrogen and sulphur bio-geo-chemical cycles does not have losses due to respiration. Among the following bio-geo-chemical cycles which one does not have losses due to respiration? What is common to earthworm, mushroom, soil mites and dung beetle in an ecosystem. thus, oceans are low productivity ecosystems. 20. The zone at the edge of a. lake or ocean which is alternatively exposed to air and immersed … Students can solve NCERT Class 10 Science Sources of Energy Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to know their preparation level. Discuss the main reason for the low productivity of ocean with your teacher. movement of large volumes of water (vertical and horizontal ocean currents), type and distribution of marine organisms at various depths of oceans, climate of coastal lands, etc. The humus is further degraded by some microbes and release of inorganic nutrients occur by the process called mineralisation. The energy from the sun reaches the food chain through the primary producers (plants). (a) In this statement farmer gives information of only the quantity of the wheat but area and time period is not given. (b) Both organic and inorganic nutrients from detritus (c) Very quick (b) Climax community is in a state of equilibrium. Of this, despite occupying about 70 per cent of the surface, the productivity of the oceans are only 55 billion tons. 12. Net primary productivity is the available biomass for the consumption to heterotrophs (herbivores and decomposers). 1. It is true that any change in the. Discuss the main reason for the low productivity of ocean with your teacher. The process of mineralisation by microorganisms helps in the release of inorganic nutrients from humus. Reference: Geography NCERT – Class XI: Fundamentals of Physical Geography. (a) The gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called ecological succession. Primary productivity is the rate of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by green plants during photosynthesis. (a) Inorganic nutrients from humus 4. Rest of course, is on land. Answer. Total net primary production on Earth exceeds 100 billion tons of carbon per year, and it plays a profound role in the global carbon cycle. Due to hunting of tiger its population decreases, hence the population of deer (prey) increases and interspecific competition occurs between them. • In most of the ecosystem, the pyramids of number and biomass are upright. There is one ‘world ocean,’ but researchers often consider it five: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and Southern oceans. Long Answer Type Questions The annual net primary productivity of the whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion tons (dry weight) of organic matter. The reservoir for the gaseous type of bio-geo chemical cycle exists in (kcalm-3 )yr-1 ii. No generalisations we make will be true if we take only a few individuals at any trophic level into account. The currents are responsible for increasing or decreasing marine organisms on the coast. Oceans are least productive because they do not receive sufficient sunlight which is necessary for 1° productivity. Reference: Geography NCERT – Class XI: Fundamentals of Physical Geography. Ocean, continuous body of salt water held in enormous basins on Earth’s surface. Answer. (c) All top carnivore population is removed i. Autotrophs ii. The amount of energy accumulation in green plants through the process of photosynthesis is termed as primary productivity. The zone at the edge of a. lake or ocean which is alternatively exposed to air and immersed in water is called Next, Mention the minor relief features of the ocean floor and explain them. (c) Disorder (d) Constant change (c) Productivity is the rate of production of biomass expressed in terms of g-1yr-1 and (heal m-2) yr-1. Many people are surprised to learn, however, that roughly half of this productivity occurs in the oceans and is conducted by microscopic plants called phytoplankton. 1. (kcalm-3)yr-1 ii. Productivity actual means primary productivity which is the biomass or dry weight produce by the plants per unit area during the photosynthesis. i. Of this, despite occupying about 70 per cent of the surface, the productivity of the oceans are only 55 billion tons. (a) Phytoplankton, sedges, free-floating hydrophytes, rooted hydrophytes, grasses and trees Decrease in rate of photosynthesis decreases the growth of aquatic plants and animals. Answer the following questions. It is expressed in terms of weight (g/m 2 /yr) or energy (kcal/m 2 /yr). If you have any query regarding NCERT Exemplar Class 12 Biology Chapter 14 Ecosystem, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest. Primary productivity is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis. Of this, despite occupying about 70 per cent of the surface, the productivity of the oceans are only 55 billion tons. 12. 13. Use the above-provided NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 5 Industries with Answers Pdf free download and get a good grip on the fundamentals of real numbers topic. It is of the following two sub types: Answer. (b) Edaphic factor refers to soil. (ii) Name any plant that is characteristic of such ecosystem. What are the shortcomings of ecological pyramids in the study of ecosystem? How do the microbes fulfil their energy requirements? (d) Phytoplankton, rooted submerged hydrophytes, floating hydrophytes, reed swamp, sedges, meadow and trees The pyramid of energy is always upright. Human activities interfere with carbon cycle. This can be concluded from the fact that productivity in oceans is high where there is up-welling of mineral rich water or near continental shelves. Explain in detail the mechanism of a Tsunami. This can happen in cases of forest fires, landslides, changes in soil characteristics, increase in herbivore population leading to overgrazing. A young forest, a natural old forest, a shallow polluted lake, alpine meadow. Crop fields and an aquarium considered as man-made ecosystems. 5. Why are nutrient cycles in nature called biogeochemical cycles? Fill in the blanks. How would you explain the regrowth of forest in ecological term? (a) Deserts (b) Tropical rain forests Another name of nutrient cycling is biogeochemical cycles (bio: living organism, geo: rocks, air, water). Why are oceans least productive? Over about 100 day season, that yields 100 gC/m2/year. Transfer of energy in an ecosystem follow 10% law, i.e., only 10% energy is transferred from one trophic level to higher trophic level. And if your answer is ‘no’ explain the meaning of each expression. 14. • In Grassland ecosystem only 3 top carnivores are supported in an ecosystem based on production of nearly 6 million plants. Need any support from our end during the preparation of Minerals and Energy Resources Class 10 MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers then leave your comments below. Of this, despite occupying about 70 per cent of the surface, the productivity of the oceans are only 55 billion tons. Thus, as succession proceeds, the numbers and types of animals and decomposers also change. 10. Biology MCQs for Class 12 Chapter Wise with Answers PDF Download was Prepared Based on Latest Exam Pattern. When the productivity increases, the pace of growth is automatically accelerated. NCERT Books for Class 11 - All Subject pdf Download. Answer. But the primary productivity of the oceans are only 55 billion tons. Saprotrophs iv. (c) Organic nutrients from humus Edaphic factor refers to Today, Insights is synonymous with UPSC civil services exam preparation. 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