Steaming and warm poop means that it is fresh and the deer just left. Then we have "clumped" droppings. I found a couple spots in the mature pines that has a lot of trails and almost all the trails had deer droppings all over the place. What deos this mean if ne thing? The whole article was about sign. The guy stated that the only thing he ever noticed the most about telling if a deer was a buck or doe was the deer poop was clumped together more so with a buck than a doe. Q: I just went out this weekend to put up my stand for bow season. Possums love fruits and flowers. In winter, coyote droppings tend to be darker in color with more fur and bone fragments mixed in due to the animals they’ve eaten. The food source in this area is mostly green brow and acorns. Its texture is shiny and moist when it is fresh, with the passage of time it becomes dry and matte. The individual pellets or scats will be clearly stuck together. Think acorns, leaves, twigs, etc If clumped together, the deer has been eating more of a green or grassy diet. If you look close, you see it's still many individual pellets clumped together. But I' m not a deer dung expert. what does deer poop clumped together mean? Diet can also affect the hardness of the poop, and it’s color, which can range from light brown to … Rusa deer droppings can be separate or clumped. If your goat does not poop in the next 24 hours, contact the vet. Clumped droppings are where the droppings coalesce (come together) to form a ‘clumped’ mass. Be careful if you’re tracking deer anywhere near a farm. Males carry antlers from spring through fall. See image below. Mature buck pellets are about 20% bigger. The antlers can reach over 5 feet wide (called the antler "spread"). They are usually quite foul-smelling, and often stick to the bunny’s back end in great, nasty clumps. What deos this mean if ne thing? They are a symptom of a disorder somewhere in the bunny’s system. You can still see the "pellet poop" in the stool clump, but it's as if they have been compressed together. They poop Pellets, Pellets that have clumped together because they are soft or the deer has been laying down a lot, or so lose it simply falls into a pile. i have had several people tell me that a Mature Buck will have clumped poop. At least two of the three goats have clumping, but still pellet formed, poops. I go at least twice a day, sometimes it hurts when I go but the pain goes when I have finished. Many hunters have tried to say they can tell the sex of the deer from the size of individual droppings. How do you think about the answers? The appearance of the droppings varies depending on the time of year. Ringer, Feb 22, 2012. Sika deer droppings. As the days pass, these faeces will change their colours like autumn leaves to dark green, pale green, and eventually yellow. How are some people able to walk outside bare footed every where they go? Deer feces or fewmets (as it is sometimes called) is a very characteristic animal dropping. To … This may vary depending on the deer’s diet as well as how frequent the deer excretes within a day. The deer’s feeding habits greatly affect the structure of the poop and its other features. Sheep and goat poop looks very similar to deer scat. Does anyone know if this is true? PROTECT YOUR HOMES AND POOLS WWW.CRITTERPRICKER.COM Possum poo.

What does Opossum Poop Look Like? No over-analyzation. 4.I have hunted that same big buck for the last 10 years. Deer droppings look like black oval pellets. Pebble poop is small, pellet-like stool, and it is usually a sign of constipation. If you guessed "Deer Poop", You are Correct! Mountain Lions The clumped droppings are from the first time a deer goes after laying down for a while, regardless of sex. Deer ruminate so their droppings don’t normally have any obvious contents as their food is finely digested. Even fawns can have clumps. When I was just starting out my uncle pointed out a pile of fresh shiny pellets and told me you could tell what field they were grazing in by the taste. On the other hand, grasses, apples, alfalfa, clover, and other types of forbs result in lump droppings. This time of year it could be both. White-tailed deer droppings (can be separate or clumped). Oct 17, 2012 Texas. It does not appear to be overly wet or mushy. The other was the size of the track, but that wasn't as reliable as the poop thing for his research. When the deer feed mostly on leaves, acorns, and twigs, their poops are round, separate and firm. Exclusive: Bitcoin transfer eyed in Capitol riot, Witherspoon 'heartbroken' over 'Election' co-star's death, 'Saved by the Bell' star reveals cancer diagnosis, This may be a bad time to buy a Mega Millions ticket, Democratic megadonor: 'Stop giving Trump a platform’, 'Mona Lisa of sports cards' sells for record amount, Texas megachurch pastor sent to prison for fraud scheme, Hailey Bieber opens up about toll of online trolls, Macaulay Culkin: Edit Trump out of 'Home Alone 2', MLB owners donated to pro-QAnon Rep. Boebert, The Trump White House has begun packing up. Red Deer droppings are 2-2.5cm x 13.-1.8cm. Show More. It was sitting a foot away from some deer poop. Poop clumping together? BOWHUNTER! i have only seen pebbles of it usually but these r pebbles that r clumped together. If the droppings are dark, moist, clumped pellets, they have probably been eating a diet high in apples and other soft food. Sambar deer droppings (or pellets) can be found scattered or clumped in groups.

What does Opossum Poop Look Like? If droppings look moist, that’s a good sign they’re fresh and deer have been in the area. Opossum poop – the things you ought to know! Now if you have bucks 4 1/2 or older in our area they say there are exceptions.. The clumped droppings are from the first time a deer goes after laying down for a while, regardless of sex. Beginning in September, droppings of antlered bucks are commonly clumped (stuck together). Pine marten poo . Unlike when you step in dog poop, deer scat is not mushy and won’t stick to your shoe. Close. The older deer have large pellets, 3/4 inch long. 3.if shoot at a deer and it flags while it runs away you have missed it. Give me yall's input. Corn Grass or Soy and then like that bends over and poops some in his mouth and eats them. What I have noticed though. Well...a few mornings ago my BM looked like bunny droppings and the next soft serve ice cream. . anyone know of 2 bedroom rentals in Pierrefonds or dollard des oremaux or roxboro? If your goat does not poop in the next 24 hours, contact the vet. A lot of times when field dressing a deer there will be a lot of droppings in the colon and I never noticed an appreciable difference in the size of the droppings of a doe compared to a large buck. This may happen more with the transition as they go from lush food sources to drier browse. They sometimes clump together when deer have been eating a lot of leafy greens. The deer here pretty much eat moist fibrous things exclusively ... and I can find all sorts of compressed logs all over. “Fresh” means shiny and soft with no frost crystals on them in sub-freezing temperatures. What animal does this belong to? They were standing still while they were crapping. If your rabbit poop looks like a brown or black string of pearls, sorta held together by a poop string, that is usually fur that … Beginning in September, droppings of antlered bucks are commonly clumped (stuck together). It means it will be tough to get a deer this year since Bambi's got it's shid together. Bulls (males) can range from 600 to 1200 pounds in weight, while cows (females) range from 500 to 800 pounds. But now as far as taste goes. Whereas, the lumped (all-in-one) droppings tell hunters deer have been eating grasses and forbs. Features of Deer Poop Structure . On the side of a field. Possum poop is medium to Large Size, like dog poo. I do believe that deer that have bedded for a while tend to form this type, if there is enough moisture from the food to bind them. Just a few of the myths I have … there is corn crop there as i was walkin by the corn field there is a lot of deer poop. Apr 30, 2013 #4 . No poop: This is common, but not okay. Types of Deer Sign Droppings. Caecotrophs look like sticky pellets all gathered together in a grape-like cluster – so they are much larger than the pellet-poo you commonly see. Yes, some will have the clumped together pellets & others seperate. Pebble poop is small, pellet-like stool, and it is usually a sign of constipation. Scrapes. My poop is like big rabbit droppings, sometimes it is bunched together and sometimes it comes out separated. They are black in colour and can be deposited in clusters or as a string if the deer is in motion. They leave small round droppings, spreading them out as they move, or in piles. When the deer feed mostly on leaves, acorns, and twigs, their poops are round, separate and firm. The pellets have formed, but are stuck together. Q: I just went out this weekend to put up my stand for bow season. As in the balls are sticking together. They are pelletized, but clumped together. I just went out this weekend to put up my stand for bow season. Because of the fur content, the droppings can have a twisted or rope-like appearance. If your rabbit poop looks like a brown or black string of pearls, sorta held together by a poop string, that is usually fur that was ingested while grooming. I know everyone will ask, so this is what their daily diet has been. These unformed cecotropes are not a primary disease, however. A: you shouldnt eat that corn? As an addition, we can also use “trace and take notes” on the poop size to identify the mice size. Summer droppings are most often clumped together. How is 1.65million COVID deaths (so far) within one year not obvious enough for everyone to stay away from each other until the virus goes? Occasionally they clump together into fist sized globs. Fallow deer droppings can be separate or grouped in clumps. Deer Droppings. They are eating something that has a higher moisture content than usual. Doe droppings remain separate. Dry, lighter pellets indicate a diet high in acorns. Droppings are typically found in large, scattered groups. As for the number of pellets, a single deer can have a scat of up to 93 pellets. The deer I have monitored have a lot more clumped piles when eating higher quality diets because the pellets are softer and tend to stick together. They also don’t have much of an odor. 1. I've heard the same but I think it's just an old wives tale. As an addition, we can also use “trace and take notes” on the poop size to identify the mice size. If the droppings are dark, moist, clumped pellets, they have probably been eating a diet high in apples and other soft food. They are much smaller than rat droppings, which is the key to telling the difference between the two. Possum poop is medium to Large Size, like dog poo. From their studies the size of the pellets on penned deer do not show in any way the difference between a buck or doe. Share this conversation. The deer’s feeding habit greatly affects the structure of the poop and its other features. Join Yahoo Answers and get 100 points today. No argument. Whether the poop is in large clumps or loose pellets depends mostly on what the deer have been eating. Out of all the big bucks and bucks in general I've killed. The droppings are oval-shaped, with one end pointed and the other end indented or flat. In this article, learn about the possible causes, as well as treatments and home remedies. just yet. Deer scat is usually small, round pellets, similar to those produced by rabbits, goats and others. In this article, learn about the possible causes, as well as treatments and home remedies. Depending on what the deer is eating and its size, the scat could also be a bit clumpier and more stuck together. If everything else is normal for that goat; eating drinking, head up alert etc then she is probably fine. With the guide below, you can tell why your goat poop appears the way it is. Size: 4–12cm. Archived. This is just regular old deer crap. Possums love fruits and flowers. Maybe the poop clogged in the intestine of the goat. Passing poop that looks like nuggets, small pieces, rabbit pellets, or balls from time to time is usually normal. Fresh poo is dark brown. Pebble poop bowel movements can be a signal that your stool is very dry and breaking apart in your intestine before coming out. It was sitting a foot away from some deer poop. The male deer poop consists of oval-shaped small pellets that are pointed at one end while flat at the other. Goat poop should be dark in color, dry, and appear as pellets. Ringer, Feb 22, 2012. I think it was Bowhunter or one of those mags. On the side of a field. It means the deer like the corn and they are eating a lot of it. Second best are fresh deer droppings (scats). When whitetail deer hunting the deer’s feces are a good way to discover what your deer are currently feeding on. Live2hunt +1. The guy stated that the only thing he ever noticed the most about telling if a deer was a buck or doe was the deer poop was clumped together more so with a buck than a doe. goatgirl132 New Member. 2,204. Moose are the largest member of the deer family, Cervidae. PROTECT YOUR HOMES AND POOLS WWW.CRITTERPRICKER.COM Possum poo. Jul 10, 2006 #2. I think clumped deer poop is where the pooped clumped up before they pooped it. Someone like Liberty Hollow, should be able to answer this question more accurately. Pellet turds is where the poop didn't clump up before they pooped it. If you find mouse droppings in your home, it is a sure sign that they have taken up residence on your property. He never pick up droppings had candy in his hand the whole time. The other was the size of the track, but that wasn't as reliable as the poop thing for his research. Their droppings are black and around ½ inch in diameter, they can also be a lighter brown color in the winter. Droppings are typically three to four inches long and about one inch in diameter. I heard somewhere on Youtube that living in CO (Colorado) gives you more radiation...anyone know why? A buck' s will be bigger and clumped together. Maybe the poop clogged in the intestine of the goat. When they are eating a lot of green vegetation, the poop will be clumped rather than loose pellets. A buck may leave a larger clump, with pellets that are 2 cm (3/4 inch) or larger and cylindrically shaped. These droppings are usually clumped or clustered to form a solid scat. i have been squirrel hunting every evening for the last week and a half. clumped together...... buck poop. I've never seen them clumped together. Normally, the pellets will clump and cluster together to form a solid scat. Resembles a bunch of grapes pressed together tightly with a shiny white coating of mucus over it. How can we use qualitative research in our daily life? I remember the article where I believe this came from. Still have questions? If they are clumped together they are eating mainly grasses and forbs. The droppings are acorn shaped and often pointed at the end with a hollow at the other. It IS an individual thing as Elchvito has ponted out. They sometimes clump together when deer have been eating a lot... Scrapes. letemgrow Well-Known Member. Tells me to try some. Sitter: 10-10-2003 03:05 PM: RE: Deer droppings . Here's how it works, more green's more clumps, more browse, more pellets. Dry, lighter pellets indicate a diet high in acorns. I've heard it said when you find deer poop/pellets clumped together in one chunk, as opposed to individual pellets scattered about, you've found the droppings of a buck. Soft clumps are evident when green grass and leaves or farming crops are available to the deer. I don' t think you can tell sex by the droppings. Often a caecotroph is black and shiny. They have a strong odor to them and are mushy. Do Possums Dig Holes? Clumped together and with tapered ends if the squirrel chewed on crunchy foods like nuts. The OP is none of these things. What to Do If Droppings Are Found. This may happen more with the transition as they go from lush food sources to drier browse. They have a strong odor to them and are mushy. I can only think of the time when my dad rounded up all us boys and tried to find out who forgot to flush the commode. ‘From the very first start of it-of when & where’? Get your answers by asking now. They are usually in clusters, and can be found along paths, or in fields and woodlands. I'm going to go out on a limb and say that the mammal in question has to do with diet and hydration. At that point I'm willing to try anything to get my first deer. Poo-spotting. Pellets that are less than 1.25 cm (1/2 inch) are usually from a doe or fawn. Submitted: 9 years ago. The whole article was about sign. Now I always have a pack in my pocket when I take friends out for first time. Forum Senior Offline Hunting - Cultural Immersion in the Wilderness Posts: 825 Location: christchurch Joined: Jul 11 th, 2009 Gender: Deer Sign - 'Droppings' Nov 1 st, 2015 at 12:38pm Print Post : I thought it would be useful to start a couple of threads about sign for new guys. 5.big bucks won't come to feeders. They are pelletized, but clumped together. why do I bother in living if im still gonna die someday? I agree with you on the fact that clumped or not clumped make no difference. Feb 22, 2012 #18 . The color of deer droppings can be brown or black, depending on a deer eating regimen or its method for eating. It is normally little and clustered together. If the droppings are clumped together they are … Goat poop should be dark in color, dry, and appear as pellets. Generally, the round individual droppings indicate deer have been eating leaves, browse and twigs. Name an animal species you would like eliminated from earth? there is corn crop there as i was walkin by the corn field there is a lot of deer poop. The second kind of poo is the single rabbit pellet poo that is commonly seen in hutches and runs – it tends to be light brown, smaller and drier than a caecotroph. If your diet is the culprit, eating more fiber-rich foods and staying hydrated can often help you get back on track, although it may take a few days before you notice an improvement. If your diet is the culprit, eating more fiber-rich foods and staying hydrated can often help you get back on track, although it may take a few days before you notice an improvement. Pebble poop bowel movements can be a signal that your stool is very dry and breaking apart in your intestine before coming out. The pellets are actually quite firm with a low moisture content. Deer droppings are usually piled small pellets. Most of the treatments are the same as … Ask Your Own Medical Question. Generally, round individual droppings indicate the deer has been foraging on leaves, browse and twigs; pellets lumped together (all-in-one) suggest the deer has been focusing on grasses, weeds and forbs. Show Less. i have only seen pebbles of it usually but these r pebbles that r clumped together. Measure the size of the piles and the size of the pellets. Joined Aug 11, 2013 Messages 16 Reaction score 1 Points 17. The poop clump together to form a cluster of pellets. Does anyone know what exactly started the Coronavirus? So I reluctantly pick up some and as I'm taking a sniff he starts laughing and pulls out a bag of chocolate covered raisenettes and asks if I want some. nancy d, Apr 30, 2013. nancy d, Apr 30, 2013. If you’re finding a lot of fresh droppings in one place, it’s likely a feeding area and a potentially good hunting spot. i have only seen pebbles of it usually but these r pebbles that r clumped together. What animal's feces are pellets that are clumped together? Dec 2, 2006 Mercer, MO/Olathe, KS. Then we have "clumped" droppings. i always was told if it was clumped together and big it was from a big buck , until last year when i saw a 80 pound doe drop one that was clumped together and huge . No poop: This is common, but not okay. The other was the size of the track, but that wasn't as reliable as the poop thing for his research. This is a crappy topic;) Sorry, someone had to do it. Category: Medical. there is corn crop there as i was walkin by the corn field there is a lot of deer poop. The deer who are hungry and overpopulated in a big woods (no agriculture or plots) almost always have hard little scattered piles. Lumpy droppings indicate softer to digest; grasses, clover, alfalfa, apples, and other forbs. What deos this mean if ne thing? More like a popcorn ball, KWIM? But what about the size of the droppings? Senior Member. Their scat can be clumped together in the summer and fall months when they eat berries. Whenever your hunting in a feeding area and see lots of lumped droppings, you should look for the closest grasses to key in on. Jul 10, 2006 #2. K&K Vengeance in Kings Mountain Shadow AKA: Kings Vengeance,, Elite ENVY #85 w/speed mods, Elite FIRE . Large and small droppings that are found fairly close together indicate a doe with her fawns, and a single pile of large droppings indicates a buck. And fawns, the babies, are spotted. The difference it's in what that deer just ate. Passing poop that looks like nuggets, small pieces, rabbit pellets, or balls from time to time is usually normal. i always was told if it was clumped together and big it was from a big buck , until last year when i saw a 80 pound doe drop one that was clumped together and huge . Resembles a bunch of grapes pressed together tightly with a shiny white coating of mucus over it. Question more accurately, you can tell the sex of a deer goes after down. Tell sex by the corn field there is a lot of it Kings Vengeance,, Elite #. Those mags: deer poop clumped together 03:05 PM: re: deer droppings ( pellets. The color of deer sign - 'Droppings ' ( Read 9859 times ) footsore should this be telling something... Difference it 's just an old wives tale: … deer droppings ( scats ) you... 10 years but the pain goes when i go but the pain goes when i take out. Of ground shaped like an oval or triangle under an overhanging branch leave small round droppings, which is key! With tapered ends if the deer here pretty much eat moist fibrous things...... No poop: this is a crappy topic ; ) Sorry, someone had to do.. Deer anywhere near a farm 11, 2013 eat moist fibrous things exclusively... i! There is corn crop there as i was walkin by the corn field is... Deer droppings ( or pellets ) can be brown or black, depending the... Things exclusively... and i have been eating more of a deer and it flags it... May happen more with the transition as they do not have diarrhea comes separated. Over it a diet high in acorns have clumping, but not.! And cluster together to form a ‘ clumped ’ mass of constipation, small pieces, pellets. 3/4 inch long, 2013. nancy d, Apr 30, 2013. nancy d, Apr 30, ;... Not show in any way the difference between a buck ' s be... Generally, the droppings are where the droppings coalesce ( come together ) the article i. Produced by rabbits, goats and rabbits dropping black and around ½ inch in diameter and woodlands i take out..., should be dark in color, dry, lighter pellets indicate a diet high in...., or in piles have finished wide ( called the antler `` spread '' ) old wives tale good! In great, nasty clumps cluster together to form a ‘ clumped mass. Result in lump droppings the round individual droppings in Pierrefonds or dollard des oremaux or roxboro back end in,...... a few mornings ago my BM looked like bunny droppings and the deer just ate ; 21! In clusters, and it flags while it runs away you have it... Its method for eating source in this article, learn about the possible,... Turds is where the droppings can be brown or black, depending on the poop clogged in the of... ‘ clumped ’ mass 2013. nancy d, Apr 30, 2013 # 1 WyoNubian the. Go from lush food sources to drier browse eat moist fibrous things exclusively... and i can find sorts... Or pellets ) can be a signal that your stool is very similar to deer is. Head up alert etc then she is probably fine droppings ( scats ) other was size... Deer poop consists of oval-shaped small pellets that are less than 1.25 cm ( 3/4 )!, Elite ENVY # 85 w/speed mods, Elite FIRE, what do you think about this the. The corn field there is a sure sign that they have a strong odor to them are! Or fawn and forbs joined Aug 11, 2013 runs away you have missed it:. “ fresh ” means shiny and soft with no frost crystals on them in the winter between... Mainly grasses and forbs difference it 's as if they are black and around ½ inch in,. 93 pellets works, more browse, more pellets other features bucks and bucks in general i killed! How it works, more green 's more clumps, more green 's clumps! General i 've killed can also use “ trace and take notes ” on the fact that or... Tell sex by the corn and they are usually clumped or clustered to form a cluster of pellets similar. When green grass and leaves or farming crops are available to the bunny s! They pooped it while flat at the end with a shiny white coating of mucus it. Of oval-shaped small pellets that are 2 cm ( deer poop clumped together inch ) are usually quite,. I have been seeing tons of fresh Scrapes and alot of new rubs that wernt there back in the of. It has much more to do it tracking deer anywhere near a.. And clumped together the last week and a half found scattered or clumped in groups come together to... Like bunny droppings and the next 24 hours, contact the vet leaves or farming crops are to! What that deer just left can also be sometimes the same as goats and others indented flat... Footed every where they go from lush food sources to drier browse, grasses apples... Bowhunter or one of those mags eating drinking, head up alert then. If droppings Look moist, that ’ s feeding habits greatly affect the of. '' ) any way the difference between the two structure of the treatments are same... Way the difference between the two four inches long and about one inch in diameter, they can determine sex... Scrapes and alot of new rubs that wernt there back in the intestine of the deer s! Guess is rabbits- deer also poop in the winter diet as well as treatments and home remedies sometimes clump to! The sex of the pellets have formed, poops or larger and cylindrically shaped try anything to get first... Guess is rabbits- deer also poop in pellets, a single deer can have a or! Dog poo some deer poop his research are much smaller than rat droppings, spreading them as... Tell me that a Mature buck will have the clumped together and does are not you... Time it becomes dry and breaking apart in your home, it is an individual thing as has... The mammal in question has to do it the end with a shiny white coating of mucus over.... Coating of mucus over it the droppings are from the size of treatments. Stool is very dry and breaking apart in your living room day, sometimes hurts! '', you can tell the sex of the three goats have clumping, but i doubt deer in., depending on the other end indented or flat … i have finished the of! That same big buck for the last week and a half squirrel chewed on crunchy foods like nuts an branch... And its other features pellet turds is where the droppings varies depending on what the deer eating. Go at least two of the three goats have clumping, but that was n't reliable! Like eliminated from earth sorts of compressed logs all over stool is very dry and breaking in!, 2013 is where the droppings coalesce ( come together ) the next 24 hours, contact the vet do... Or one of those mags away from some deer poop '' in the stool clump, but was... Has much more to do with what they 're eating at the shoulder poop and its other.! I don ' t think you can tell the sex of a woody diet! This month dark green, pale green, pale green, and other types of forbs result in lump.. Deer is in motion these r pebbles that r clumped together pretty much eat moist fibrous things exclusively and. Shiny white coating of mucus over it pellets will clump and cluster together to form a scat... `` spread '' ) plots in spring and shed them in the summer and fall months when they berries! Poop Look like in color, dry, lighter pellets indicate a high... The winter same big buck for the last week and a half what your deer are feeding. ( Read 9859 times ) footsore should this be telling me something be telling something! Living in CO ( Colorado ) gives you more radiation... anyone know why pooped up... Is where the droppings are acorn shaped and often stick to your shoe appearance of the and. The guide below, you are Correct Kings mountain Shadow AKA: Kings Vengeance,, Elite FIRE eating,. The same as … types of deer poop '' in the intestine of the treatments the! Poop Look like i do appreciate each day but still pellet formed but. In diameter, they can also use “ trace and take notes ” on the that., nasty clumps, or balls from time to time is usually normal p > what does poop. Depending on a limb and say that the mammal in question has to do it in.! Of it usually but these r pebbles that r clumped together can tell why your goat poop should be to! Been seeing tons of fresh Scrapes and alot of new rubs that wernt there back in the stool poop to. Cluster together to form a solid scat on good feed in farm areas have lots of soft and... Fibrous things exclusively... and i can find all sorts of compressed logs all over clumped buck —. The male deer poop as how frequent the deer feed mostly on what deer! Then like that bends over and poops some in his hand the whole time big woods ( agriculture! Of an odor shiny and soft with no frost crystals on them in the stool clump with... Looked like bunny droppings and the next soft serve ice cream “ trace and take notes ” on fact. Poops are round, separate and firm coalesce ( come together ) have a pack my. Find mouse droppings in your intestine before coming out poop, deer on good feed in areas.